What is CORS and how do you handle it in a Java-based API?

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CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) is a security feature implemented by browsers to restrict web applications from making requests to a domain different from the one that served the web page. It prevents unauthorized access to resources and protects users from certain types of attacks, such as Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF).

Why It Matters:

When a frontend application (e.g., hosted on http://localhost:3000) tries to call a Java-based backend API hosted at http://api.example.com, the browser enforces the Same-Origin Policy and blocks the request unless the API explicitly allows it via CORS headers.

Handling CORS in a Java-Based API:

1. Using Spring Boot (Most Common in Java)

Spring Boot provides a simple way to handle CORS.

Global Configuration:

Or Per Controller:
2. For Jakarta EE or Servlet-based APIs
Use a filter to add CORS headers manually:
Summary: CORS is essential for secure cross-origin communication. In Java APIs, it's typically handled using Spring Boot configurations or servlet filters, ensuring only trusted origins can access backend resources.
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