What is the role of Web Sockets in Java applications and how are they implemented?

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Role of WebSockets in Java Applications:

WebSockets enable full-duplex communication between a client and server over a single, long-lived TCP connection. Unlike HTTP, which is request-response based, WebSockets allow real-time, low-latency interaction, making them ideal for chat apps, live notifications, gaming, and collaborative tools in Java-based applications.

Implementation in Java:

Java provides native support for WebSockets via the Java API for WebSocket (JSR 356), included in Java EE 7 and Jakarta EE. Here's how to implement them:

1. Dependency (for Java SE or Spring Boot):

• For Spring Boot: Add in pom.xml:

2. Basic Server Endpoint (Java EE):

3. Spring WebSocket:

   • Define a @Configuration class to register handlers using WebSocketConfigurer.

   • Use @ServerEndpoint with libraries like Tyrus or embed in a Spring controller with STOMP and SockJS for more complex messaging.

Client Side: Use JavaScript or Java (e.g., javax.websocket.ContainerProvider) to connect and exchange messages.
WebSockets boost interactivity and efficiency in Java apps that need real-time updates.

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